While these lists are able to store every element contained in diverse and distinct storage locations. The elements of the list can be dispersed in multiple chunks of memory. Whereas, the container stores essential information to let the sequential access to the data it contains. Lists can expand as well as shrink dynamically as needed from both ends.
Furthermore, the storage requirement is automatically fulfilled by the internal allocator. The order as well is maintained internally where each element of a link is connected to the element preceding it and to the element following it. Let me summarize some points about the list container before proceeding toward the example and member functions of the list.
An STL list container:. Elements present in the list are ordered in a strict linear sequence. Hence, each element is accessed by their respective location in the given sequence. In doubly-linked list, each and every element contains the information on how to trace the previous as well as the next elements.
It also allows constant time erase and insert functions prior or after a single or range of specific elements, but it does not allow direct random access. An Allocator-aware container employs an allocator object to dynamically cater its storage requirements.
It is a type of allocator object, which is used to describe the storage allocation model. A signed integer type that can be used to represent the number of elements of a list in a range between elements pointed to by iterators. Where The position in the target list where the first element is inserted. If an exception is thrown, the list is left unaltered and the exception is rethrown. A bidirectional iterator that addresses the location succeeding the last element in a list.
A bidirectional iterator that designates the first element remaining beyond any elements removed, or a pointer to the end of the list if no such element exists. If the return value of front is assigned to a reference , the list object can be modified. Allocators for the list class specify how the class manages storage. Inserts an element or a number of elements or a range of elements into a list at a specified position. First The position of the first element in the range of elements in the argument list to be copied.
Last The position of the first element beyond the range of elements in the argument list to be copied. The first two insert functions return an iterator that points to the position where the new element was inserted into the list. Constructs a list of a specific size or with elements of a specific value or with a specific allocator or as a copy of all or part of some other list.
First The position of the first element in the range of elements to be copied. Last The position of the first element beyond the range of elements to be copied. The first two constructors specify an empty initial list, the second specifying the allocator type Al to be used.
The third constructor specifies a repetition of a specified number Count of elements of the default value for class Type. The fourth and fifth constructors specify a repetition of Count elements of value Val. Removes the elements from the argument list, inserts them into the target list, and orders the new, combined set of elements in ascending order or in some other specified order. Both argument and target lists must be ordered with the same comparison relation by which the resulting sequence is to be ordered.
The default order for the first member function is ascending order. The second member function imposes the user-specified comparison operation comp of class Traits. The following example stores a class object in a doubly linked list. In order for a class to be stored in an STL container, it must have a default constructor, the class must be assignable, less than comparable and equality comparable. This book is the only book I have seen which covers string classes as implemented by current Linux distributions.
Good reference book. Not as great as a reference but is the best at introducing all the concepts necessary to grasp STL completely and good if you want to learn STL quickly. This book is easy to read and follow. Fifth edition. It also has good code examples. Good for both learning and reference. Toggle navigation YoLinux Home. Declaration of vector containing type "T", of size "n" quantity containing value "t". Declaration: template vector InputIterator, InputIterator.
The at function is used to access the elements of the input array by traversing through a for loop. Further, we can even use the get method of class tuple to access the elements by overloading the function. The List class of the Sequential Containers provides storage to elements with non-contagious memory locations.
In the above snippet of code, we have used an Iterator to traverse the list efficiently. We will get to learn more about Iterators in this article. The data elements in Vectors are placed in contagious memory locations and Iterator can be easily used to access those elements. Moreover, insertion of items in takes place at the end of Vector.
In the above snippet of code, the statement V1. Associated Containers implement and inculcate generic classes and functions with sorted data structures which in turns leads to reduced time complexity. Sets in Associative Containers stores unique elements i. Moreover, once the element is inserted into the set, it cannot be altered or modified. Multisets serve the same functionality as that of Sets. The only difference is that Multisets can have duplicate elements in it i.
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